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June 23-24-2024 Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs)
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- These Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs) are based on PMF IAS Daily Current Affairs.
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[Quiz] Daily Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs) – June 23-24 2024
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These MCQs are based on PMF IAS Daily Current Affairs. The daily current affairs are uploaded every day by 8 PM. You can read the Daily Current Affairs from here. Subscribers of the “Current Affairs” course can Download Daily Current Affairs in PDF/DOC from here.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Q1. {Prelims – In news} Consider the following statements regarding Encephalartos woodii:
- Statement I: It is one of the oldest seed-bearing critically endangered plants.
- Statement II: There are no known female specimens, making natural reproduction impossible for this plant.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Encephalartos woodie is one of the oldest seed-bearing plants on Earth, with a lineage dating back over 250 million years, predating even the dinosaurs.
- Also known as Wood’s Cycad, it is a rare cycad plant native to South Africa’s Ngoye Forest.
- It is Critically Endangered.
Statement 2 is correct and is correct explanation of statement 1
- It is critically endangered because there are no known female specimens.
- All known specimens are male, making natural reproduction impossible and leading to its extinction in the wild.
- Reproduction now relies on asexual methods like cloning.
Answer: (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Encephalartos woodie is one of the oldest seed-bearing plants on Earth, with a lineage dating back over 250 million years, predating even the dinosaurs.
- Also known as Wood’s Cycad, it is a rare cycad plant native to South Africa’s Ngoye Forest.
- It is Critically Endangered.
Statement 2 is correct and is correct explanation of statement 1
- It is critically endangered because there are no known female specimens.
- All known specimens are male, making natural reproduction impossible and leading to its extinction in the wild.
- Reproduction now relies on asexual methods like cloning.
Answer: (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Encephalartos woodie is one of the oldest seed-bearing plants on Earth, with a lineage dating back over 250 million years, predating even the dinosaurs.
- Also known as Wood’s Cycad, it is a rare cycad plant native to South Africa’s Ngoye Forest.
- It is Critically Endangered.
Statement 2 is correct and is correct explanation of statement 1
- It is critically endangered because there are no known female specimens.
- All known specimens are male, making natural reproduction impossible and leading to its extinction in the wild.
- Reproduction now relies on asexual methods like cloning.
Answer: (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Q2. {Environment – Biotic interactions} Consider the following information:
Biotic interactions Meaning Example - Commensalism
one species is benefitted and the other is neither benefitted nor harmed Orchid and trees - Mutualism
involves both organisms benefiting Cattle and Egret - Parasitism
one organism benefiting at the expense of another Ticks on dog - Amensalism
one species is harmed, whereas the other is unaffected Penicillium and Staphylococcus In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?
Correct
Explanation
Row 1 is correctly matched
- Commensalism describes an interaction where one species benefits while the other remains unaffected.
- For instance, an orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch and barnacles attaching to the back of a whale benefit from these associations, while neither the mango tree nor the whale appears to gain any direct benefit from these interactions.
Row 2 is not correctly matched
- The relationship between cattle egrets and grazing cattle in rural farmland is a textbook example of commensalism. These egrets are often seen foraging near grazing cattle because the movement of cattle helps stir up insects from vegetation, making it easier for the egrets to locate and capture prey. This interaction benefits the egrets without any apparent harm or benefit to the cattle themselves.
Row 3 is correctly matched
- The human liver fluke, a trematode parasite, requires two intermediate hosts—a snail and a fish—to complete its life cycle.
- The malaria parasite relies on a mosquito vector to spread to new hosts.
- Ectoparasites are parasites that feed externally on their host, such as lice on humans and ticks on dogs..
- Endoparasites live inside the host’s body at various sites.
- Brood parasitism in birds, exemplified by species like the cuckoo laying eggs in the nests of other birds like crows, relies on the host to incubate the parasitic eggs.
Row 4 is correctly matched
- In amensalism, one species is harmed while the other remains unaffected.
- A well-known example of amensalism is the interaction between Penicillium, a fungus, and Staphylococcus, a bacterium.
- This relationship is characterized by a negative impact on Staphylococcus due to Penicillium’s secretion of compounds like penicillin.
Answer: (c) Only three; Difficulty Level: Easy
Incorrect
Explanation
Row 1 is correctly matched
- Commensalism describes an interaction where one species benefits while the other remains unaffected.
- For instance, an orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch and barnacles attaching to the back of a whale benefit from these associations, while neither the mango tree nor the whale appears to gain any direct benefit from these interactions.
Row 2 is not correctly matched
- The relationship between cattle egrets and grazing cattle in rural farmland is a textbook example of commensalism. These egrets are often seen foraging near grazing cattle because the movement of cattle helps stir up insects from vegetation, making it easier for the egrets to locate and capture prey. This interaction benefits the egrets without any apparent harm or benefit to the cattle themselves.
Row 3 is correctly matched
- The human liver fluke, a trematode parasite, requires two intermediate hosts—a snail and a fish—to complete its life cycle.
- The malaria parasite relies on a mosquito vector to spread to new hosts.
- Ectoparasites are parasites that feed externally on their host, such as lice on humans and ticks on dogs..
- Endoparasites live inside the host’s body at various sites.
- Brood parasitism in birds, exemplified by species like the cuckoo laying eggs in the nests of other birds like crows, relies on the host to incubate the parasitic eggs.
Row 4 is correctly matched
- In amensalism, one species is harmed while the other remains unaffected.
- A well-known example of amensalism is the interaction between Penicillium, a fungus, and Staphylococcus, a bacterium.
- This relationship is characterized by a negative impact on Staphylococcus due to Penicillium’s secretion of compounds like penicillin.
Answer: (c) Only three; Difficulty Level: Easy
Unattempted
Explanation
Row 1 is correctly matched
- Commensalism describes an interaction where one species benefits while the other remains unaffected.
- For instance, an orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch and barnacles attaching to the back of a whale benefit from these associations, while neither the mango tree nor the whale appears to gain any direct benefit from these interactions.
Row 2 is not correctly matched
- The relationship between cattle egrets and grazing cattle in rural farmland is a textbook example of commensalism. These egrets are often seen foraging near grazing cattle because the movement of cattle helps stir up insects from vegetation, making it easier for the egrets to locate and capture prey. This interaction benefits the egrets without any apparent harm or benefit to the cattle themselves.
Row 3 is correctly matched
- The human liver fluke, a trematode parasite, requires two intermediate hosts—a snail and a fish—to complete its life cycle.
- The malaria parasite relies on a mosquito vector to spread to new hosts.
- Ectoparasites are parasites that feed externally on their host, such as lice on humans and ticks on dogs..
- Endoparasites live inside the host’s body at various sites.
- Brood parasitism in birds, exemplified by species like the cuckoo laying eggs in the nests of other birds like crows, relies on the host to incubate the parasitic eggs.
Row 4 is correctly matched
- In amensalism, one species is harmed while the other remains unaffected.
- A well-known example of amensalism is the interaction between Penicillium, a fungus, and Staphylococcus, a bacterium.
- This relationship is characterized by a negative impact on Staphylococcus due to Penicillium’s secretion of compounds like penicillin.
Answer: (c) Only three; Difficulty Level: Easy
-
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Q3. {Prelims – Awards} Recently, the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) has won the 2024 Blue Planet Prize; with reference to this, consider the following statements:
- IPBES, established in 2012, is a United Nations body aimed at strengthening the science-policy interface for biodiversity and ecosystem conservation.
- In 1992, the year of the Earth Summit, Conservation International established the Blue Planet Prize.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is not correct
- Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) is one of the two recipients of the 2024 Blue Planet Prize. Prof. Robert Costanza is the other winner.
- IPBES is an intergovernmental body established in Panama City in 2012 by 94 Governments.
- It is not a United Nations body. I
- PBES Secretariat: Bonn, Germany.
- Aims to strengthen the science-policy interface for biodiversity and ecosystem conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, long-term human well-being and sustainable development.
Statement 2 is not correct
- An annual award by Japan’s Asahi Glass Foundation includes an award of $500,000.
- It is awarded to individuals and organisations working for environmental conservation.
- In 1992, the year of the Earth Summit, the Asahi Glass Foundation established the Blue Planet Prize.
Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is not correct
- Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) is one of the two recipients of the 2024 Blue Planet Prize. Prof. Robert Costanza is the other winner.
- IPBES is an intergovernmental body established in Panama City in 2012 by 94 Governments.
- It is not a United Nations body. I
- PBES Secretariat: Bonn, Germany.
- Aims to strengthen the science-policy interface for biodiversity and ecosystem conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, long-term human well-being and sustainable development.
Statement 2 is not correct
- An annual award by Japan’s Asahi Glass Foundation includes an award of $500,000.
- It is awarded to individuals and organisations working for environmental conservation.
- In 1992, the year of the Earth Summit, the Asahi Glass Foundation established the Blue Planet Prize.
Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is not correct
- Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) is one of the two recipients of the 2024 Blue Planet Prize. Prof. Robert Costanza is the other winner.
- IPBES is an intergovernmental body established in Panama City in 2012 by 94 Governments.
- It is not a United Nations body. I
- PBES Secretariat: Bonn, Germany.
- Aims to strengthen the science-policy interface for biodiversity and ecosystem conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, long-term human well-being and sustainable development.
Statement 2 is not correct
- An annual award by Japan’s Asahi Glass Foundation includes an award of $500,000.
- It is awarded to individuals and organisations working for environmental conservation.
- In 1992, the year of the Earth Summit, the Asahi Glass Foundation established the Blue Planet Prize.
Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Q4. {IR – Tibet} Recently, which one of the following has passed the Resolve Tibet Act?
Correct
Explanation
- The United States Congress passed the Resolve Tibet Act, aiming to counter Chinese disinformation and promote dialogue for the resolution of the Tibet-China dispute.
- The Resolve Tibet Act is the third major piece of U.S. legislation on Tibet, succeeding the Tibetan Policy Act (TPA) of 2002 and the Tibetan Policy and Support Act (TPSA) of 2020.
- Unlike its predecessors, the Resolve Tibet Act explicitly challenges China’s historical claims over Tibet and emphasises Tibetan self-determination and human rights.
Credit: BBC
Answer: (b) U.S.A; Difficulty Level: Easy
Incorrect
Explanation
- The United States Congress passed the Resolve Tibet Act, aiming to counter Chinese disinformation and promote dialogue for the resolution of the Tibet-China dispute.
- The Resolve Tibet Act is the third major piece of U.S. legislation on Tibet, succeeding the Tibetan Policy Act (TPA) of 2002 and the Tibetan Policy and Support Act (TPSA) of 2020.
- Unlike its predecessors, the Resolve Tibet Act explicitly challenges China’s historical claims over Tibet and emphasises Tibetan self-determination and human rights.
Credit: BBC
Answer: (b) U.S.A; Difficulty Level: Easy
Unattempted
Explanation
- The United States Congress passed the Resolve Tibet Act, aiming to counter Chinese disinformation and promote dialogue for the resolution of the Tibet-China dispute.
- The Resolve Tibet Act is the third major piece of U.S. legislation on Tibet, succeeding the Tibetan Policy Act (TPA) of 2002 and the Tibetan Policy and Support Act (TPSA) of 2020.
- Unlike its predecessors, the Resolve Tibet Act explicitly challenges China’s historical claims over Tibet and emphasises Tibetan self-determination and human rights.
Credit: BBC
Answer: (b) U.S.A; Difficulty Level: Easy
-
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Q5. {IE – Taxes} With reference to Goods and Services Tax (GST) and GST Council, Consider the following statements:
- Goods and Services Tax Council is a constitutional body established under Article 279A.
- Every State Government has enacted the State GST (SGST) Act in their respective States.
- Every decision of the GST Council shall be taken at a meeting by a majority of not less than three-fourths of the weighted votes of the members present and voting.
- The Central Government’s vote has a weightage of one-third, while the votes of all the State Governments combined have a weightage of two-thirds.
How many of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Goods and Services Tax Council is a constitutional body established under Article 279A.
- The Goods and Services Tax Council shall consist of the following members:
- Chairperson: The Union Finance Minister.
- Member: The Union Minister of State in charge of Revenue or Finance.
- Members: The Minister in charge of Finance or Taxation or any other Minister nominated by each State Government (States and UTs with legislature).
Statement 2 is correct
- GST was introduced in 2017 by the 101st Constitutional amendment act of 2016.
- Every State Government has enacted State GST (SGST) Act in their respective States
Statement 3 is correct
- Every decision of the GST Council shall be taken at a meeting, by a majority of not less than three-fourths of the weighted votes of the members present and voting.
Statement 4 is correct
- Central Government has a voting weightage of one-third of the total votes cast, and
- The votes of all the State Governments taken together shall have a weightage of two-thirds of the total votes cast in that meeting.
Answer: (d) All four; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Goods and Services Tax Council is a constitutional body established under Article 279A.
- The Goods and Services Tax Council shall consist of the following members:
- Chairperson: The Union Finance Minister.
- Member: The Union Minister of State in charge of Revenue or Finance.
- Members: The Minister in charge of Finance or Taxation or any other Minister nominated by each State Government (States and UTs with legislature).
Statement 2 is correct
- GST was introduced in 2017 by the 101st Constitutional amendment act of 2016.
- Every State Government has enacted State GST (SGST) Act in their respective States
Statement 3 is correct
- Every decision of the GST Council shall be taken at a meeting, by a majority of not less than three-fourths of the weighted votes of the members present and voting.
Statement 4 is correct
- Central Government has a voting weightage of one-third of the total votes cast, and
- The votes of all the State Governments taken together shall have a weightage of two-thirds of the total votes cast in that meeting.
Answer: (d) All four; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Goods and Services Tax Council is a constitutional body established under Article 279A.
- The Goods and Services Tax Council shall consist of the following members:
- Chairperson: The Union Finance Minister.
- Member: The Union Minister of State in charge of Revenue or Finance.
- Members: The Minister in charge of Finance or Taxation or any other Minister nominated by each State Government (States and UTs with legislature).
Statement 2 is correct
- GST was introduced in 2017 by the 101st Constitutional amendment act of 2016.
- Every State Government has enacted State GST (SGST) Act in their respective States
Statement 3 is correct
- Every decision of the GST Council shall be taken at a meeting, by a majority of not less than three-fourths of the weighted votes of the members present and voting.
Statement 4 is correct
- Central Government has a voting weightage of one-third of the total votes cast, and
- The votes of all the State Governments taken together shall have a weightage of two-thirds of the total votes cast in that meeting.
Answer: (d) All four; Difficulty Level: Medium
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