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May 19-20 2024 Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs)
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[Quiz] Daily Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs) – May 19-20 2024
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These MCQs are based on PMF IAS Daily Current Affairs. The daily current affairs are uploaded every day by 8 PM. You can read the Daily Current Affairs from here. Subscribers of the “Current Affairs” course can Download Daily Current Affairs in PDF/DOC from here.
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Question 1 of 7
1. Question
Q1. {A&C – Art} Consider the following statements about the Megalithic Culture:
- The megalithic culture of South India is typically linked to Ochre Coloured Pottery (OCP).
- Megalithic communities lived on a combination of agriculture, hunting, and animal husbandry.
- The Megalith burial sites have yielded various non-local items among the grave goods which reflect that there were exchange activities during the megalithic period.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
- Recently, A stone carving of a snake from the megalithic period was found at Puthukkai village in Kasaragod.
Statement 1 is incorrect
- Megalith is a larger stone constructed either as burial sites or commemorative memorials.
- These types of structures were predominantly constructed during the Neolithic period and persisted through the Chalcolithic Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age.
- Megalithic burial sites in South India have uncovered the earliest iron objects from the region.
- In addition to these numerous Black and Red Ware pottery pieces have been discovered within these megaliths.
- The presence of these artifacts, along with food grains like wheat and rice found at various megalithic sites, suggests that the megalithic people engaged in agropastoral and hunting activities for their livelihood.
- The Ochre Coloured Pottery (OCP) culture, identified by its highly rolled and fragile ceramic type, has been found at sites in Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh.
Statement 2 is correct
- Megalithic communities lived on a combination of agriculture, hunting, fishing, and animal husbandry.
- The basis of their economy was agriculture.
- In fact, the megalith builders were responsible for the introduction of the advance methods of agriculture on a large scale, based on irrigation.
- The megalithic builders introduced the ‘tank-irrigation’ in South India and thus brought a revolutionary change in the agricultural system.
- Rice, an essentially irrigational crop, served as their staple food.
Statement 3 is correct
- The excavations have yielded various non-local items among the grave goods which reflect that there were exchange activities during the megalithic period.
- Carnelian beads reported from coastal sites, which were points of exchange in ancient times.
- The availability of bronze suggests the arrivals of copper and an alloy, either tin or arsenic, from somewhere
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
- Recently, A stone carving of a snake from the megalithic period was found at Puthukkai village in Kasaragod.
Statement 1 is incorrect
- Megalith is a larger stone constructed either as burial sites or commemorative memorials.
- These types of structures were predominantly constructed during the Neolithic period and persisted through the Chalcolithic Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age.
- Megalithic burial sites in South India have uncovered the earliest iron objects from the region.
- In addition to these numerous Black and Red Ware pottery pieces have been discovered within these megaliths.
- The presence of these artifacts, along with food grains like wheat and rice found at various megalithic sites, suggests that the megalithic people engaged in agropastoral and hunting activities for their livelihood.
- The Ochre Coloured Pottery (OCP) culture, identified by its highly rolled and fragile ceramic type, has been found at sites in Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh.
Statement 2 is correct
- Megalithic communities lived on a combination of agriculture, hunting, fishing, and animal husbandry.
- The basis of their economy was agriculture.
- In fact, the megalith builders were responsible for the introduction of the advance methods of agriculture on a large scale, based on irrigation.
- The megalithic builders introduced the ‘tank-irrigation’ in South India and thus brought a revolutionary change in the agricultural system.
- Rice, an essentially irrigational crop, served as their staple food.
Statement 3 is correct
- The excavations have yielded various non-local items among the grave goods which reflect that there were exchange activities during the megalithic period.
- Carnelian beads reported from coastal sites, which were points of exchange in ancient times.
- The availability of bronze suggests the arrivals of copper and an alloy, either tin or arsenic, from somewhere
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
- Recently, A stone carving of a snake from the megalithic period was found at Puthukkai village in Kasaragod.
Statement 1 is incorrect
- Megalith is a larger stone constructed either as burial sites or commemorative memorials.
- These types of structures were predominantly constructed during the Neolithic period and persisted through the Chalcolithic Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age.
- Megalithic burial sites in South India have uncovered the earliest iron objects from the region.
- In addition to these numerous Black and Red Ware pottery pieces have been discovered within these megaliths.
- The presence of these artifacts, along with food grains like wheat and rice found at various megalithic sites, suggests that the megalithic people engaged in agropastoral and hunting activities for their livelihood.
- The Ochre Coloured Pottery (OCP) culture, identified by its highly rolled and fragile ceramic type, has been found at sites in Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh.
Statement 2 is correct
- Megalithic communities lived on a combination of agriculture, hunting, fishing, and animal husbandry.
- The basis of their economy was agriculture.
- In fact, the megalith builders were responsible for the introduction of the advance methods of agriculture on a large scale, based on irrigation.
- The megalithic builders introduced the ‘tank-irrigation’ in South India and thus brought a revolutionary change in the agricultural system.
- Rice, an essentially irrigational crop, served as their staple food.
Statement 3 is correct
- The excavations have yielded various non-local items among the grave goods which reflect that there were exchange activities during the megalithic period.
- Carnelian beads reported from coastal sites, which were points of exchange in ancient times.
- The availability of bronze suggests the arrivals of copper and an alloy, either tin or arsenic, from somewhere
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 2 of 7
2. Question
Q2. {Prelims – In News} Consider the following statements:
- Tendu tree (Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb.) is one of the most characteristic trees of the dry deciduous forests throughout India.
- Recently, the GST Council has lowered the Goods and Services Tax (GST) on tendu leaves in response to a request made by state government of Odisha.
- Odisha is the largest tendu leaves producing State of India.
- Tendu leaves are classified as a minor forest product.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are not correct?
Correct
Explanation
- Recently, a Leopard killed tendu leaf plucker in Maharashtra.
Statement 1 is correct
- It is one of the most characteristic trees of the dry deciduous forests throughout India, covering the entire Indian peninsula the area of distribution extends upto Nepal in sub-Himalayan tracts including the Indian plain, Gangetic plain, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, western coast upto Malabar and Eastern coast upto Coromandel.
- It is drought and frost hardy but sensitive to water logging.
Statemetn 2 is incorrect
- In the recent past, the state of Odisha has demanded the reduction of GST rate on Kendu leaves in the GST Council.
- The GST rate on tendu/kendu leaves remains unchanged at 18% since the rollout of GST.
- Kendu leaf is called the green gold of Odisha.
- It is a nationalised product like bamboo and sal seed.
- The trade in tendu leaves has been nationalised in all the major MFP producing states, which means that only state government or its authorised agents can procure these leaves from the collectors or growers.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- Madhya Pradesh is the largest tendu leaves producing State of India.
- Due to its unique characteristics, viz. matching aroma with Tobacco, hygroscopic nature of dry leaves to withstand crack, thinness, gradual combustion, resistance to fungus attack, etc. tendu leaves are used for wrapping Bidis.
Statement 4 is correct
- It is a minor forest produce.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
- Recently, a Leopard killed tendu leaf plucker in Maharashtra.
Statement 1 is correct
- It is one of the most characteristic trees of the dry deciduous forests throughout India, covering the entire Indian peninsula the area of distribution extends upto Nepal in sub-Himalayan tracts including the Indian plain, Gangetic plain, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, western coast upto Malabar and Eastern coast upto Coromandel.
- It is drought and frost hardy but sensitive to water logging.
Statemetn 2 is incorrect
- In the recent past, the state of Odisha has demanded the reduction of GST rate on Kendu leaves in the GST Council.
- The GST rate on tendu/kendu leaves remains unchanged at 18% since the rollout of GST.
- Kendu leaf is called the green gold of Odisha.
- It is a nationalised product like bamboo and sal seed.
- The trade in tendu leaves has been nationalised in all the major MFP producing states, which means that only state government or its authorised agents can procure these leaves from the collectors or growers.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- Madhya Pradesh is the largest tendu leaves producing State of India.
- Due to its unique characteristics, viz. matching aroma with Tobacco, hygroscopic nature of dry leaves to withstand crack, thinness, gradual combustion, resistance to fungus attack, etc. tendu leaves are used for wrapping Bidis.
Statement 4 is correct
- It is a minor forest produce.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
- Recently, a Leopard killed tendu leaf plucker in Maharashtra.
Statement 1 is correct
- It is one of the most characteristic trees of the dry deciduous forests throughout India, covering the entire Indian peninsula the area of distribution extends upto Nepal in sub-Himalayan tracts including the Indian plain, Gangetic plain, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, western coast upto Malabar and Eastern coast upto Coromandel.
- It is drought and frost hardy but sensitive to water logging.
Statemetn 2 is incorrect
- In the recent past, the state of Odisha has demanded the reduction of GST rate on Kendu leaves in the GST Council.
- The GST rate on tendu/kendu leaves remains unchanged at 18% since the rollout of GST.
- Kendu leaf is called the green gold of Odisha.
- It is a nationalised product like bamboo and sal seed.
- The trade in tendu leaves has been nationalised in all the major MFP producing states, which means that only state government or its authorised agents can procure these leaves from the collectors or growers.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- Madhya Pradesh is the largest tendu leaves producing State of India.
- Due to its unique characteristics, viz. matching aroma with Tobacco, hygroscopic nature of dry leaves to withstand crack, thinness, gradual combustion, resistance to fungus attack, etc. tendu leaves are used for wrapping Bidis.
Statement 4 is correct
- It is a minor forest produce.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 3 of 7
3. Question
Q3. {Prelims-In News} Recently, World Health Organization has updated the WHO Bacterial Priority Pathogens List (WHO BPPL), With reference to this consider the following statements:
- Originally published in 2017 and updated annually, it serves as a crucial instrument in the worldwide battle against antimicrobial resistance.
- The list categorizes pathogens into critical, high, and medium priority groups to inform research and development (R&D) and public health interventions.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- The updates are the first (not annually) since the WHO released its initial Bacterial Priority Pathogens List (BPPL) in 2017.
- It aims to guide prioritising research and development and investments in antimicrobial re-sistance.
- Antimicrobial resistance is defined as a microorganism’s resistance to an antimicrobial drug that was once able to treat an infection by that microorganism. For example, in Multi-Drug Resistant TB (MDR-TB), the TB bacteria are resistant to two of the essential TB drugs, isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RMP).
Statement 2 is correct
- The list categorizes pathogens into critical, high, and medium priority groups to inform research and development (R&D) and public health interventions.
- The 2024 WHO BPPL covers 24 pathogens, spanning 15 families of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens.
- Notable among these are Gram-negative bacteria resistant to last-resort antibiotics, drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis, and other high-burden resistant pathogens such as Salmonella, Shigella, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus.
Answer: (b) 2 only; Difficulty Level: Easy
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- The updates are the first (not annually) since the WHO released its initial Bacterial Priority Pathogens List (BPPL) in 2017.
- It aims to guide prioritising research and development and investments in antimicrobial re-sistance.
- Antimicrobial resistance is defined as a microorganism’s resistance to an antimicrobial drug that was once able to treat an infection by that microorganism. For example, in Multi-Drug Resistant TB (MDR-TB), the TB bacteria are resistant to two of the essential TB drugs, isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RMP).
Statement 2 is correct
- The list categorizes pathogens into critical, high, and medium priority groups to inform research and development (R&D) and public health interventions.
- The 2024 WHO BPPL covers 24 pathogens, spanning 15 families of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens.
- Notable among these are Gram-negative bacteria resistant to last-resort antibiotics, drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis, and other high-burden resistant pathogens such as Salmonella, Shigella, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus.
Answer: (b) 2 only; Difficulty Level: Easy
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- The updates are the first (not annually) since the WHO released its initial Bacterial Priority Pathogens List (BPPL) in 2017.
- It aims to guide prioritising research and development and investments in antimicrobial re-sistance.
- Antimicrobial resistance is defined as a microorganism’s resistance to an antimicrobial drug that was once able to treat an infection by that microorganism. For example, in Multi-Drug Resistant TB (MDR-TB), the TB bacteria are resistant to two of the essential TB drugs, isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RMP).
Statement 2 is correct
- The list categorizes pathogens into critical, high, and medium priority groups to inform research and development (R&D) and public health interventions.
- The 2024 WHO BPPL covers 24 pathogens, spanning 15 families of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens.
- Notable among these are Gram-negative bacteria resistant to last-resort antibiotics, drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis, and other high-burden resistant pathogens such as Salmonella, Shigella, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus.
Answer: (b) 2 only; Difficulty Level: Easy
-
Question 4 of 7
4. Question
Q4. {Social Sector – Health – Issues} Consider the following statements about Calcium Carbide:
- Statement I: The use of calcium carbide for artificial fruit ripening is prohibited in India.
- Statement II: Its use is banned under Food Safety and Standards (Prohibition and Restrictions on Sales) Regulations, 2011.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Correct
Explanation
Statement-I is correct
- Recently, FSSAI has asked traders and food business operators not to use the banned product ‘calcium carbide’ for the ripening of fruits.
- Calcium carbide is a chemical used to ripen fruits artificially.
- It is mixed with water and releases acetylene gas (commonly known as carbide gas) which helps to ripen the fruit.
- It is very similar to ethylene, which is a natural hormone produced by fruits.
Statement-II is correct and is the correct explanation for Statement-I
- The use of calcium carbide for ripening fruits has been banned under Regulation 2.3.5 of the Food Safety and Standards (Prohibition and Restrictions on Sales) Regulations, 2011.
- FSSAI permits the use of ethylene gas as a safer alternative for fruit ripening.
- Ethylene gas is a natural hormone that regulates ripening. It triggers the natural ripening process until the fruit produces eth-ylene in substantial quantities.
- The Central Insecticides Board and Registration Committee (CIB & RC) has approved Ethephon 39 per cent SL for uniform ripening of mangoes and other fruits.
Answer: (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I ;Difficulty Level: Easy
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement-I is correct
- Recently, FSSAI has asked traders and food business operators not to use the banned product ‘calcium carbide’ for the ripening of fruits.
- Calcium carbide is a chemical used to ripen fruits artificially.
- It is mixed with water and releases acetylene gas (commonly known as carbide gas) which helps to ripen the fruit.
- It is very similar to ethylene, which is a natural hormone produced by fruits.
Statement-II is correct and is the correct explanation for Statement-I
- The use of calcium carbide for ripening fruits has been banned under Regulation 2.3.5 of the Food Safety and Standards (Prohibition and Restrictions on Sales) Regulations, 2011.
- FSSAI permits the use of ethylene gas as a safer alternative for fruit ripening.
- Ethylene gas is a natural hormone that regulates ripening. It triggers the natural ripening process until the fruit produces eth-ylene in substantial quantities.
- The Central Insecticides Board and Registration Committee (CIB & RC) has approved Ethephon 39 per cent SL for uniform ripening of mangoes and other fruits.
Answer: (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I ;Difficulty Level: Easy
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement-I is correct
- Recently, FSSAI has asked traders and food business operators not to use the banned product ‘calcium carbide’ for the ripening of fruits.
- Calcium carbide is a chemical used to ripen fruits artificially.
- It is mixed with water and releases acetylene gas (commonly known as carbide gas) which helps to ripen the fruit.
- It is very similar to ethylene, which is a natural hormone produced by fruits.
Statement-II is correct and is the correct explanation for Statement-I
- The use of calcium carbide for ripening fruits has been banned under Regulation 2.3.5 of the Food Safety and Standards (Prohibition and Restrictions on Sales) Regulations, 2011.
- FSSAI permits the use of ethylene gas as a safer alternative for fruit ripening.
- Ethylene gas is a natural hormone that regulates ripening. It triggers the natural ripening process until the fruit produces eth-ylene in substantial quantities.
- The Central Insecticides Board and Registration Committee (CIB & RC) has approved Ethephon 39 per cent SL for uniform ripening of mangoes and other fruits.
Answer: (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I ;Difficulty Level: Easy
-
Question 5 of 7
5. Question
Q5. {Envi – Species} Consider the following statements:
- Chirpine (Pinus roxburghii) native of the Himalayas is a large evergreen tree.
- Chirpine oleoresin provides turpentine oil and rosin, turpentine finds applications in chemicals, and pharmaceuticals, as well as for dissolving fats.
- Pine needles ignite readily due to their rich resin content and the shallow roots of chirpine contributes to soil erosion.
How many of the statements given above is/are not correct?
Correct
Explanation
- The Pine needle power projects to check Uttarakhand forest fires proved to be inadequate
Statement 1 is correct
- Chirpine is a large evergreen tree with elongated crown and attains a height of up to 50 metre, with about 3.5 metre in girth, and forms a straight cylindrical bole.
- A native of the Himalayas it is spread across Afganistan, Pakistan, Nepal and India.
- It grows between lower elevation of 500 metre to higher elevation of 2,200 metre and forms a pure forest.
Statement 2 is correct
- Chirpine oleoresin yields two industrially important products—turpentine oil (about 70 per cent), and rosin (about 17 per cent).
- Rosin is extensively used in soap, paper, paints and varnishes, pinoleums, sealing waxes, oil cloth, inks and disinfectants.
- Turpentine is chiefly used in preparation of paints and varnishes, polishes, chemicals and pharmaceuticals. It is also used for dissolving fats, resin and for domestic purposes.
Statement 3 is correct
- Pine needles are highly inflammable and are one of the main causes of forest fires.
- While its needles tend to catch fire easily because of their high resin content, the bark of the tree doesn’t catch fire easily since it has a very high ignition temperature — which is why blacksmiths use the bark of the chir pine in their furnaces to melt metal.
- It contributes to soil erosion due to its shallow roots.
Answer: (d) None ;Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
- The Pine needle power projects to check Uttarakhand forest fires proved to be inadequate
Statement 1 is correct
- Chirpine is a large evergreen tree with elongated crown and attains a height of up to 50 metre, with about 3.5 metre in girth, and forms a straight cylindrical bole.
- A native of the Himalayas it is spread across Afganistan, Pakistan, Nepal and India.
- It grows between lower elevation of 500 metre to higher elevation of 2,200 metre and forms a pure forest.
Statement 2 is correct
- Chirpine oleoresin yields two industrially important products—turpentine oil (about 70 per cent), and rosin (about 17 per cent).
- Rosin is extensively used in soap, paper, paints and varnishes, pinoleums, sealing waxes, oil cloth, inks and disinfectants.
- Turpentine is chiefly used in preparation of paints and varnishes, polishes, chemicals and pharmaceuticals. It is also used for dissolving fats, resin and for domestic purposes.
Statement 3 is correct
- Pine needles are highly inflammable and are one of the main causes of forest fires.
- While its needles tend to catch fire easily because of their high resin content, the bark of the tree doesn’t catch fire easily since it has a very high ignition temperature — which is why blacksmiths use the bark of the chir pine in their furnaces to melt metal.
- It contributes to soil erosion due to its shallow roots.
Answer: (d) None ;Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
- The Pine needle power projects to check Uttarakhand forest fires proved to be inadequate
Statement 1 is correct
- Chirpine is a large evergreen tree with elongated crown and attains a height of up to 50 metre, with about 3.5 metre in girth, and forms a straight cylindrical bole.
- A native of the Himalayas it is spread across Afganistan, Pakistan, Nepal and India.
- It grows between lower elevation of 500 metre to higher elevation of 2,200 metre and forms a pure forest.
Statement 2 is correct
- Chirpine oleoresin yields two industrially important products—turpentine oil (about 70 per cent), and rosin (about 17 per cent).
- Rosin is extensively used in soap, paper, paints and varnishes, pinoleums, sealing waxes, oil cloth, inks and disinfectants.
- Turpentine is chiefly used in preparation of paints and varnishes, polishes, chemicals and pharmaceuticals. It is also used for dissolving fats, resin and for domestic purposes.
Statement 3 is correct
- Pine needles are highly inflammable and are one of the main causes of forest fires.
- While its needles tend to catch fire easily because of their high resin content, the bark of the tree doesn’t catch fire easily since it has a very high ignition temperature — which is why blacksmiths use the bark of the chir pine in their furnaces to melt metal.
- It contributes to soil erosion due to its shallow roots.
Answer: (d) None ;Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 6 of 7
6. Question
Q6. {IE – RBI} With reference to Reserve Bank of India ‘Gold Loan Norms’, consider the following statements:
- Lenders are restricted from lending beyond 75% of the gold’s value pledged as collateral, ensuring that banks can cover potential losses by selling the gold in case of borrower default.
- Cash disbursements are capped at ₹35,000, with any sum exceeding this limit required to be deposited into the borrower’s bank account.
Which of the statements given above is/are not correct?
Correct
Explanation
- The RBI recently instructed gold loan lenders to adhere strictly to regulatory norms
Statement 1 is correct
- RBI’s Gold Loan Norms:
- Loan-to-Value Ratio: Lenders cannot lend more than 75% of the gold’s value used as collateral. This ensures banks can cover losses by selling the gold if the borrower defaults.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- Cash Limit: Only up to ₹20,000 can be given in cash. Amounts above ₹20,000 must be deposited in the borrower’s bank account to comply with income tax rules.
- Auction Guidelines: If the borrower defaults, lenders must auction the gold in a fair, transparent manner and accessible locations.
Answer: (b) 2 only ;Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
- The RBI recently instructed gold loan lenders to adhere strictly to regulatory norms
Statement 1 is correct
- RBI’s Gold Loan Norms:
- Loan-to-Value Ratio: Lenders cannot lend more than 75% of the gold’s value used as collateral. This ensures banks can cover losses by selling the gold if the borrower defaults.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- Cash Limit: Only up to ₹20,000 can be given in cash. Amounts above ₹20,000 must be deposited in the borrower’s bank account to comply with income tax rules.
- Auction Guidelines: If the borrower defaults, lenders must auction the gold in a fair, transparent manner and accessible locations.
Answer: (b) 2 only ;Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
- The RBI recently instructed gold loan lenders to adhere strictly to regulatory norms
Statement 1 is correct
- RBI’s Gold Loan Norms:
- Loan-to-Value Ratio: Lenders cannot lend more than 75% of the gold’s value used as collateral. This ensures banks can cover losses by selling the gold if the borrower defaults.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- Cash Limit: Only up to ₹20,000 can be given in cash. Amounts above ₹20,000 must be deposited in the borrower’s bank account to comply with income tax rules.
- Auction Guidelines: If the borrower defaults, lenders must auction the gold in a fair, transparent manner and accessible locations.
Answer: (b) 2 only ;Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 7 of 7
7. Question
Q7. {Sci – Bio – Diseases} Which one of the following statemnets is correct with reference to the term ‘Stellar Nucleosynthesis’?
Correct
Explanation
- It is the creation of chemical elements by nuclear fusion reactions within stars.
- The only element not formed in this way is hydrogen.
- It was formed in the aftermath of the Big Bang.
- Star cores have extremely high pressures and temperatures. In these conditions, atomic nuclei undergo nuclear fusion. For e.g., the Sun’s core temperature is about 15 million degrees Celsius.
- The hydrogen nucleus is a single proton. In the core, these protons fuse to form helium nuclei (two protons and two neutrons). This is called the proton-proton (p-p) process.
- In more massive stars, nucleosynthesis follows the carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) cycle.
- In the CNO cycle, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen nuclei fuse to form elements from helium onwards. •
- When a star runs out of nuclei to fuse, its core contracts, increasing its temperature.
- This triggers nuclear fusion again, continuing until the star produces iron.
- Iron fusion consumes more energy than it releases.
- Elements heavier than iron are synthesised when a star goes supernova.
Answer: (b) It is the creation of chemical elements by nuclear fusion reactions within stars; Difficulty Level: Easy
Incorrect
Explanation
- It is the creation of chemical elements by nuclear fusion reactions within stars.
- The only element not formed in this way is hydrogen.
- It was formed in the aftermath of the Big Bang.
- Star cores have extremely high pressures and temperatures. In these conditions, atomic nuclei undergo nuclear fusion. For e.g., the Sun’s core temperature is about 15 million degrees Celsius.
- The hydrogen nucleus is a single proton. In the core, these protons fuse to form helium nuclei (two protons and two neutrons). This is called the proton-proton (p-p) process.
- In more massive stars, nucleosynthesis follows the carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) cycle.
- In the CNO cycle, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen nuclei fuse to form elements from helium onwards. •
- When a star runs out of nuclei to fuse, its core contracts, increasing its temperature.
- This triggers nuclear fusion again, continuing until the star produces iron.
- Iron fusion consumes more energy than it releases.
- Elements heavier than iron are synthesised when a star goes supernova.
Answer: (b) It is the creation of chemical elements by nuclear fusion reactions within stars; Difficulty Level: Easy
Unattempted
Explanation
- It is the creation of chemical elements by nuclear fusion reactions within stars.
- The only element not formed in this way is hydrogen.
- It was formed in the aftermath of the Big Bang.
- Star cores have extremely high pressures and temperatures. In these conditions, atomic nuclei undergo nuclear fusion. For e.g., the Sun’s core temperature is about 15 million degrees Celsius.
- The hydrogen nucleus is a single proton. In the core, these protons fuse to form helium nuclei (two protons and two neutrons). This is called the proton-proton (p-p) process.
- In more massive stars, nucleosynthesis follows the carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) cycle.
- In the CNO cycle, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen nuclei fuse to form elements from helium onwards. •
- When a star runs out of nuclei to fuse, its core contracts, increasing its temperature.
- This triggers nuclear fusion again, continuing until the star produces iron.
- Iron fusion consumes more energy than it releases.
- Elements heavier than iron are synthesised when a star goes supernova.
Answer: (b) It is the creation of chemical elements by nuclear fusion reactions within stars; Difficulty Level: Easy
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