May 04 2024 Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs)
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- These Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs) are based on PMF IAS Daily Current Affairs.
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[Quiz] Daily Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs) – May 04 2024
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These MCQs are based on PMF IAS Daily Current Affairs. The daily current affairs are uploaded every day by 8 PM. You can read the Daily Current Affairs from here. Subscribers of the “Current Affairs” course can Download Daily Current Affairs in PDF/DOC from here.
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Question 1 of 6
1. Question
Q1. {S&T – Defence} Consider the following statements about the Supersonic Missile Assisted Release of Torpedo (SMART) System:
- The missile uses a Inertial Navigation System (INS) and uses Acoustic homing to guide itself effectively to its destination.
- The Missile can be launched from surface ship or a truck-based coastal battery.
- It is jointly designed by Defence Research and Development Organization and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Supersonic Missile Assisted Release of Torpedo (SMART) is a next generation missile, canister-based, long-range, supersonic anti-submarine missile.
- The missile is powered by a dual-stage solid-propellant rocket and utilizes electro-mechanical actuators for course correction.
- Following are some unique features of the SMART System:
- Sea skimming – It is a technique used by the missile to avoid radar, infrared detection, and to lower probability of being shot down during their approach to the target.
- Acoustic homing – It is the process in which a system uses the sound or acoustic signals of a target or destination to guide a moving object.
- Guidance system – The missile uses a inertial navigation system (INS), and allows real-time course correction and target updating via datalink.
Statement 2 is correct
- Developed by the DRDO for the Indian Navy, the missile has a range of 643 km carrying an advanced lightweight torpedo with a range of 20 km and a 50 kg high-explosive warhead that can be launched from a surface ship or a truck-based coastal battery.
- It takes off like a regular supersonic missile.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) conducted a successful flight test of the Supersonic Missile Assisted Release of Torpedo (SMART) from Wheeler Island off the coast of Odisha.
- It has some major contributions from – Defence Research Development Laboratory (DRDL), Research Centre Imarat (RCI), Naval Science and Technological Laboratory (NSTL) and High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL).
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Supersonic Missile Assisted Release of Torpedo (SMART) is a next generation missile, canister-based, long-range, supersonic anti-submarine missile.
- The missile is powered by a dual-stage solid-propellant rocket and utilizes electro-mechanical actuators for course correction.
- Following are some unique features of the SMART System:
- Sea skimming – It is a technique used by the missile to avoid radar, infrared detection, and to lower probability of being shot down during their approach to the target.
- Acoustic homing – It is the process in which a system uses the sound or acoustic signals of a target or destination to guide a moving object.
- Guidance system – The missile uses a inertial navigation system (INS), and allows real-time course correction and target updating via datalink.
Statement 2 is correct
- Developed by the DRDO for the Indian Navy, the missile has a range of 643 km carrying an advanced lightweight torpedo with a range of 20 km and a 50 kg high-explosive warhead that can be launched from a surface ship or a truck-based coastal battery.
- It takes off like a regular supersonic missile.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) conducted a successful flight test of the Supersonic Missile Assisted Release of Torpedo (SMART) from Wheeler Island off the coast of Odisha.
- It has some major contributions from – Defence Research Development Laboratory (DRDL), Research Centre Imarat (RCI), Naval Science and Technological Laboratory (NSTL) and High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL).
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Supersonic Missile Assisted Release of Torpedo (SMART) is a next generation missile, canister-based, long-range, supersonic anti-submarine missile.
- The missile is powered by a dual-stage solid-propellant rocket and utilizes electro-mechanical actuators for course correction.
- Following are some unique features of the SMART System:
- Sea skimming – It is a technique used by the missile to avoid radar, infrared detection, and to lower probability of being shot down during their approach to the target.
- Acoustic homing – It is the process in which a system uses the sound or acoustic signals of a target or destination to guide a moving object.
- Guidance system – The missile uses a inertial navigation system (INS), and allows real-time course correction and target updating via datalink.
Statement 2 is correct
- Developed by the DRDO for the Indian Navy, the missile has a range of 643 km carrying an advanced lightweight torpedo with a range of 20 km and a 50 kg high-explosive warhead that can be launched from a surface ship or a truck-based coastal battery.
- It takes off like a regular supersonic missile.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) conducted a successful flight test of the Supersonic Missile Assisted Release of Torpedo (SMART) from Wheeler Island off the coast of Odisha.
- It has some major contributions from – Defence Research Development Laboratory (DRDL), Research Centre Imarat (RCI), Naval Science and Technological Laboratory (NSTL) and High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL).
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 2 of 6
2. Question
Q2. {Indian Society – Personal Laws} Consider the following statements about Hindu Marriage Act, 1955:
- The act brought an end to the customary practice of multiple marriages, by making the registration of marriage compulsory and obtaining an official certificate, in the absence of which the marriage will be considered invalid.
- The act applies to any person who is Hindu by religion, including Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs.
- It specifies various grounds on which either spouse can seek divorce.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- The Act brought an end to the customary practice of bigamy, polygamy, or polyandry, i.e, multiple marriages.
- Section 5 of the Act specifies that it is illegal to have two living wives at once, which is known as bigamy.
- If one spouse is alive and the person remarries, such marriage is not only void, but the person is also punishable under Sections 494 and 495 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860.
- While the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955 provides the overarching legal framework for Hindu marriages in India, the registration of such marriages is subject to the laws and regulations applicable in specific states.
- Each state in India may have its own rules and procedures regarding the registration of marriages, including Hindu marriages.
- Some states have made registration of marriages compulsory, while others have not. The process for registration, the required documents, and the authority responsible for conducting the registration may vary from one state to another.
- Therefore, a marriage is not invalid or illegal due to lack of an official certificate.
Statement 2 is correct
- The Hindu Marriage Act of 1955 indeed extends its application to not only individuals who identify as Hindu but also to other religious communities such as Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs.
- Additionally, it applies to individuals domiciled in India who are not Muslims, Christians, Parsis, or Jews.
- This broad scope ensures that the act governs marriages and related matters for a significant portion of the population in India, regardless of specific religious affiliations.
Statement 3 is correct
- The Act also allows divorce through mutual consent.
- Although parties are legally not allowed to seek divorce within 1 year of marriage, they can go for judicial separation.
- Judicial separation is a legal step that allows spouses to live separately while still legally married.
- However, divorce may be granted before completion of 1 year in special circumstances of exceptional hardship.
- It provides for the various grounds on the basis of which, divorce can be granted to one of the spouses if another does not agree to separate.
- There are special grounds which specifically allow the wife to seek divorce from her husband.
- These grounds may include cruelty, desertion, or any other valid reasons as recognized by the law.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- The Act brought an end to the customary practice of bigamy, polygamy, or polyandry, i.e, multiple marriages.
- Section 5 of the Act specifies that it is illegal to have two living wives at once, which is known as bigamy.
- If one spouse is alive and the person remarries, such marriage is not only void, but the person is also punishable under Sections 494 and 495 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860.
- While the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955 provides the overarching legal framework for Hindu marriages in India, the registration of such marriages is subject to the laws and regulations applicable in specific states.
- Each state in India may have its own rules and procedures regarding the registration of marriages, including Hindu marriages.
- Some states have made registration of marriages compulsory, while others have not. The process for registration, the required documents, and the authority responsible for conducting the registration may vary from one state to another.
- Therefore, a marriage is not invalid or illegal due to lack of an official certificate.
Statement 2 is correct
- The Hindu Marriage Act of 1955 indeed extends its application to not only individuals who identify as Hindu but also to other religious communities such as Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs.
- Additionally, it applies to individuals domiciled in India who are not Muslims, Christians, Parsis, or Jews.
- This broad scope ensures that the act governs marriages and related matters for a significant portion of the population in India, regardless of specific religious affiliations.
Statement 3 is correct
- The Act also allows divorce through mutual consent.
- Although parties are legally not allowed to seek divorce within 1 year of marriage, they can go for judicial separation.
- Judicial separation is a legal step that allows spouses to live separately while still legally married.
- However, divorce may be granted before completion of 1 year in special circumstances of exceptional hardship.
- It provides for the various grounds on the basis of which, divorce can be granted to one of the spouses if another does not agree to separate.
- There are special grounds which specifically allow the wife to seek divorce from her husband.
- These grounds may include cruelty, desertion, or any other valid reasons as recognized by the law.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- The Act brought an end to the customary practice of bigamy, polygamy, or polyandry, i.e, multiple marriages.
- Section 5 of the Act specifies that it is illegal to have two living wives at once, which is known as bigamy.
- If one spouse is alive and the person remarries, such marriage is not only void, but the person is also punishable under Sections 494 and 495 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860.
- While the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955 provides the overarching legal framework for Hindu marriages in India, the registration of such marriages is subject to the laws and regulations applicable in specific states.
- Each state in India may have its own rules and procedures regarding the registration of marriages, including Hindu marriages.
- Some states have made registration of marriages compulsory, while others have not. The process for registration, the required documents, and the authority responsible for conducting the registration may vary from one state to another.
- Therefore, a marriage is not invalid or illegal due to lack of an official certificate.
Statement 2 is correct
- The Hindu Marriage Act of 1955 indeed extends its application to not only individuals who identify as Hindu but also to other religious communities such as Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs.
- Additionally, it applies to individuals domiciled in India who are not Muslims, Christians, Parsis, or Jews.
- This broad scope ensures that the act governs marriages and related matters for a significant portion of the population in India, regardless of specific religious affiliations.
Statement 3 is correct
- The Act also allows divorce through mutual consent.
- Although parties are legally not allowed to seek divorce within 1 year of marriage, they can go for judicial separation.
- Judicial separation is a legal step that allows spouses to live separately while still legally married.
- However, divorce may be granted before completion of 1 year in special circumstances of exceptional hardship.
- It provides for the various grounds on the basis of which, divorce can be granted to one of the spouses if another does not agree to separate.
- There are special grounds which specifically allow the wife to seek divorce from her husband.
- These grounds may include cruelty, desertion, or any other valid reasons as recognized by the law.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 3 of 6
3. Question
Q3. {IR – Organisations} Consider the following statements about the Five Eyes Alliance:
- The Five Eyes alliance was established primarily for sharing human intelligence (HUMINT) among member countries.
- Australia, Canada, Israel, the United Kingdom and the United States are the member countries of the Network.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- SIGINT Sharing: The primary purpose of the alliance is the sharing of signals intelligence, which involves intercepting and analyzing communications, such as phone calls, emails, and other forms of electronic communication.
- The member countries collaborate closely to gather and share intelligence related to security threats, terrorism, espionage, and other matters of mutual interest.
- Intelligence Cooperation: Beyond SIGINT, the Five Eyes alliance also cooperates on a wide range of intelligence-related activities, including human intelligence (HUMINT), imagery intelligence (IMINT), and analysis of geopolitical developments.
- This cooperation allows member countries to leverage each other’s expertise, resources, and capabilities in intelligence gathering and analysis.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- The Five Eyes intelligence-sharing network consists of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
- These five countries collaborate closely on intelligence gathering and sharing, primarily focusing on signals intelligence (SIGINT) activities.
- Member countries of the Five Eyes alliance also coordinate their policies on various security and intelligence matters, including cybersecurity, counterterrorism, and defense.
- This coordination helps ensure a cohesive and unified approach to addressing common threats and challenges.
- While the core of the alliance remains the original five member countries, there have been efforts to expand partnerships with other like-minded countries and organizations.
Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- SIGINT Sharing: The primary purpose of the alliance is the sharing of signals intelligence, which involves intercepting and analyzing communications, such as phone calls, emails, and other forms of electronic communication.
- The member countries collaborate closely to gather and share intelligence related to security threats, terrorism, espionage, and other matters of mutual interest.
- Intelligence Cooperation: Beyond SIGINT, the Five Eyes alliance also cooperates on a wide range of intelligence-related activities, including human intelligence (HUMINT), imagery intelligence (IMINT), and analysis of geopolitical developments.
- This cooperation allows member countries to leverage each other’s expertise, resources, and capabilities in intelligence gathering and analysis.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- The Five Eyes intelligence-sharing network consists of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
- These five countries collaborate closely on intelligence gathering and sharing, primarily focusing on signals intelligence (SIGINT) activities.
- Member countries of the Five Eyes alliance also coordinate their policies on various security and intelligence matters, including cybersecurity, counterterrorism, and defense.
- This coordination helps ensure a cohesive and unified approach to addressing common threats and challenges.
- While the core of the alliance remains the original five member countries, there have been efforts to expand partnerships with other like-minded countries and organizations.
Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- SIGINT Sharing: The primary purpose of the alliance is the sharing of signals intelligence, which involves intercepting and analyzing communications, such as phone calls, emails, and other forms of electronic communication.
- The member countries collaborate closely to gather and share intelligence related to security threats, terrorism, espionage, and other matters of mutual interest.
- Intelligence Cooperation: Beyond SIGINT, the Five Eyes alliance also cooperates on a wide range of intelligence-related activities, including human intelligence (HUMINT), imagery intelligence (IMINT), and analysis of geopolitical developments.
- This cooperation allows member countries to leverage each other’s expertise, resources, and capabilities in intelligence gathering and analysis.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- The Five Eyes intelligence-sharing network consists of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
- These five countries collaborate closely on intelligence gathering and sharing, primarily focusing on signals intelligence (SIGINT) activities.
- Member countries of the Five Eyes alliance also coordinate their policies on various security and intelligence matters, including cybersecurity, counterterrorism, and defense.
- This coordination helps ensure a cohesive and unified approach to addressing common threats and challenges.
- While the core of the alliance remains the original five member countries, there have been efforts to expand partnerships with other like-minded countries and organizations.
Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 4 of 6
4. Question
Q4. {Prelims – In News} What was the name of the first newspaper to be published in India?
Correct
Explanation
- The Bengal Gazette became the first newspaper ever published in India in 1780.
- Ireland-born James Augustus Hicky served as its founder-editor. He became renowned as “Jewel in the Crown of the British Empire”.
- He started printing from jail, where he was sentenced due to his inability to pay his debt.
- Seeing the success and demand for printing, he started the Bengal Gazette.
- It published opinions, general events and local issues, suggesting Britishers invest more in infrastructure and sanitation.
- It initially avoided political news to save itself from any trouble.
- Though many nullify its role, Hicky’s paper shed light on government corruption and civic issues and, at times, criticised the British East India Company.
- Hickey criticised Hastings’ expansion policy in the subcontinent during the 1780s, describing Hastings as being Robert Clive’s “miserable successor”.
Answer: (b) The Bengal Gazette; Difficulty Level: Easy
Incorrect
Explanation
- The Bengal Gazette became the first newspaper ever published in India in 1780.
- Ireland-born James Augustus Hicky served as its founder-editor. He became renowned as “Jewel in the Crown of the British Empire”.
- He started printing from jail, where he was sentenced due to his inability to pay his debt.
- Seeing the success and demand for printing, he started the Bengal Gazette.
- It published opinions, general events and local issues, suggesting Britishers invest more in infrastructure and sanitation.
- It initially avoided political news to save itself from any trouble.
- Though many nullify its role, Hicky’s paper shed light on government corruption and civic issues and, at times, criticised the British East India Company.
- Hickey criticised Hastings’ expansion policy in the subcontinent during the 1780s, describing Hastings as being Robert Clive’s “miserable successor”.
Answer: (b) The Bengal Gazette; Difficulty Level: Easy
Unattempted
Explanation
- The Bengal Gazette became the first newspaper ever published in India in 1780.
- Ireland-born James Augustus Hicky served as its founder-editor. He became renowned as “Jewel in the Crown of the British Empire”.
- He started printing from jail, where he was sentenced due to his inability to pay his debt.
- Seeing the success and demand for printing, he started the Bengal Gazette.
- It published opinions, general events and local issues, suggesting Britishers invest more in infrastructure and sanitation.
- It initially avoided political news to save itself from any trouble.
- Though many nullify its role, Hicky’s paper shed light on government corruption and civic issues and, at times, criticised the British East India Company.
- Hickey criticised Hastings’ expansion policy in the subcontinent during the 1780s, describing Hastings as being Robert Clive’s “miserable successor”.
Answer: (b) The Bengal Gazette; Difficulty Level: Easy
-
Question 5 of 6
5. Question
Q5. {IR – UN – Organisations} Which one of the following statements about the UN Commission on Population and Development (UNCPD) is correct?
Correct
Explanation
- Promoting Reproductive Rights: One of the central mandates of the UNCPD is to promote reproductive rights, including access to family planning services, maternal healthcare, and reproductive health education.
- This involves advocating for policies and programs that ensure individuals’ rights to make informed choices about their reproductive health and well-being.
- Advancing Gender Equality: Gender equality is a key focus area for the UNCPD.
- The commission recognizes that gender inequalities can exacerbate population challenges and hinder sustainable development.
- Therefore, it works to promote gender-responsive policies and programs that empower women and girls, address gender-based violence, and ensure equal access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities.
- Integration with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): The UNCPD aligns its work with the broader framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being), Goal 4 (Quality Education), Goal 5 (Gender Equality), and Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities).
- By integrating population and development issues into the SDGs, the commission contributes to global efforts to achieve sustainable and inclusive development.
- Collaboration with UN Agencies and Partners: The UNCPD collaborates closely with other UN bodies and agencies, including the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the World Health Organization (WHO), and UN Women, as well as with civil society organizations, academic institutions, and other stakeholders.
- This collaborative approach ensures a comprehensive and coordinated response to population and development challenges.
Answer: (c) The UNCPD focuses primarily on promoting reproductive rights and gender equality as part of sustainable development efforts; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
- Promoting Reproductive Rights: One of the central mandates of the UNCPD is to promote reproductive rights, including access to family planning services, maternal healthcare, and reproductive health education.
- This involves advocating for policies and programs that ensure individuals’ rights to make informed choices about their reproductive health and well-being.
- Advancing Gender Equality: Gender equality is a key focus area for the UNCPD.
- The commission recognizes that gender inequalities can exacerbate population challenges and hinder sustainable development.
- Therefore, it works to promote gender-responsive policies and programs that empower women and girls, address gender-based violence, and ensure equal access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities.
- Integration with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): The UNCPD aligns its work with the broader framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being), Goal 4 (Quality Education), Goal 5 (Gender Equality), and Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities).
- By integrating population and development issues into the SDGs, the commission contributes to global efforts to achieve sustainable and inclusive development.
- Collaboration with UN Agencies and Partners: The UNCPD collaborates closely with other UN bodies and agencies, including the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the World Health Organization (WHO), and UN Women, as well as with civil society organizations, academic institutions, and other stakeholders.
- This collaborative approach ensures a comprehensive and coordinated response to population and development challenges.
Answer: (c) The UNCPD focuses primarily on promoting reproductive rights and gender equality as part of sustainable development efforts; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
- Promoting Reproductive Rights: One of the central mandates of the UNCPD is to promote reproductive rights, including access to family planning services, maternal healthcare, and reproductive health education.
- This involves advocating for policies and programs that ensure individuals’ rights to make informed choices about their reproductive health and well-being.
- Advancing Gender Equality: Gender equality is a key focus area for the UNCPD.
- The commission recognizes that gender inequalities can exacerbate population challenges and hinder sustainable development.
- Therefore, it works to promote gender-responsive policies and programs that empower women and girls, address gender-based violence, and ensure equal access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities.
- Integration with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): The UNCPD aligns its work with the broader framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being), Goal 4 (Quality Education), Goal 5 (Gender Equality), and Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities).
- By integrating population and development issues into the SDGs, the commission contributes to global efforts to achieve sustainable and inclusive development.
- Collaboration with UN Agencies and Partners: The UNCPD collaborates closely with other UN bodies and agencies, including the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the World Health Organization (WHO), and UN Women, as well as with civil society organizations, academic institutions, and other stakeholders.
- This collaborative approach ensures a comprehensive and coordinated response to population and development challenges.
Answer: (c) The UNCPD focuses primarily on promoting reproductive rights and gender equality as part of sustainable development efforts; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 6 of 6
6. Question
Q6. {Prelims – Envi – Species} Consider the following statements with respect to Sea Lions:
- They are marine mammals that are known for their semi-aquatic lifestyle, spending a significant amount of time both on land and in the water.
- They are most commonly found in North Atlantic Ocean.
- Sea lions primarily inhabit freshwater environments, such as rivers and lakes, where they feed on a diet consisting mainly of aquatic plants and algae.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are not correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Sea Lion is a marine mammal that belongs to the family Otariidae.
- These are known for their semi-aquatic lifestyle, spending a significant amount of time both on land and in the water.
- Appearance:
- They have a streamlined body with a large head and a long, flexible neck.
- They typically have a brown or tan coat, and adult males develop a thick mane of hair around their necks.
- They roar to defend the females in their groups.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- Their range extends from the subarctic to tropical waters of the global ocean in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, with the notable exception of the northern Atlantic Ocean.
- Geographic variation for sea lions have been determined by the observations of skulls of several Otariidae species; a general change in size corresponds with a change in latitude and primary productivity.
- Skulls of Australian sea lions from Western Australia were generally smaller in length whereas the largest skulls are from cool temperate localities.
- Otariidae are in the process of species divergence, much of which may be driven by local factors, particularly latitude and resources.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- Sea lions primarily inhabit marine environments, such as coastlines and rocky shores, rather than freshwater environments like rivers and lakes.
- Their diet consists mainly of fish and cephalopods, such as squid and octopus, rather than aquatic plants and algae.
- California sea lions feed mainly offshore in coastal areas.
- They eat a variety of prey—such as squid, anchovies, mackerel, rockfish, and sardines—found in upwelling areas.
- They also may take fish from commercial fishing gear, sport fishing lines, and fish passage facilities at dams and river
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Sea Lion is a marine mammal that belongs to the family Otariidae.
- These are known for their semi-aquatic lifestyle, spending a significant amount of time both on land and in the water.
- Appearance:
- They have a streamlined body with a large head and a long, flexible neck.
- They typically have a brown or tan coat, and adult males develop a thick mane of hair around their necks.
- They roar to defend the females in their groups.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- Their range extends from the subarctic to tropical waters of the global ocean in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, with the notable exception of the northern Atlantic Ocean.
- Geographic variation for sea lions have been determined by the observations of skulls of several Otariidae species; a general change in size corresponds with a change in latitude and primary productivity.
- Skulls of Australian sea lions from Western Australia were generally smaller in length whereas the largest skulls are from cool temperate localities.
- Otariidae are in the process of species divergence, much of which may be driven by local factors, particularly latitude and resources.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- Sea lions primarily inhabit marine environments, such as coastlines and rocky shores, rather than freshwater environments like rivers and lakes.
- Their diet consists mainly of fish and cephalopods, such as squid and octopus, rather than aquatic plants and algae.
- California sea lions feed mainly offshore in coastal areas.
- They eat a variety of prey—such as squid, anchovies, mackerel, rockfish, and sardines—found in upwelling areas.
- They also may take fish from commercial fishing gear, sport fishing lines, and fish passage facilities at dams and river
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Sea Lion is a marine mammal that belongs to the family Otariidae.
- These are known for their semi-aquatic lifestyle, spending a significant amount of time both on land and in the water.
- Appearance:
- They have a streamlined body with a large head and a long, flexible neck.
- They typically have a brown or tan coat, and adult males develop a thick mane of hair around their necks.
- They roar to defend the females in their groups.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- Their range extends from the subarctic to tropical waters of the global ocean in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, with the notable exception of the northern Atlantic Ocean.
- Geographic variation for sea lions have been determined by the observations of skulls of several Otariidae species; a general change in size corresponds with a change in latitude and primary productivity.
- Skulls of Australian sea lions from Western Australia were generally smaller in length whereas the largest skulls are from cool temperate localities.
- Otariidae are in the process of species divergence, much of which may be driven by local factors, particularly latitude and resources.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- Sea lions primarily inhabit marine environments, such as coastlines and rocky shores, rather than freshwater environments like rivers and lakes.
- Their diet consists mainly of fish and cephalopods, such as squid and octopus, rather than aquatic plants and algae.
- California sea lions feed mainly offshore in coastal areas.
- They eat a variety of prey—such as squid, anchovies, mackerel, rockfish, and sardines—found in upwelling areas.
- They also may take fish from commercial fishing gear, sport fishing lines, and fish passage facilities at dams and river
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
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